Once a year, people from all across the country vote for one President and one Vice President. These votes are called electoral votes. The person with the most electoral votes becomes President of the United States.
Before the election happens, candidates from the Democratic and Republican parties start their campaign trails. They go to different cities and towns in their states to speak with voters. They also participate in televised debates. The debates are a way for the public to ask questions and listen to what the candidates have to say about their stance on issues and policies.
After the state primaries and caucuses, each party holds a national convention where they choose their final presidential nominees. The state delegates that are chosen at these conventions “endorse” their favorite candidate and this is how they become the party’s presidential nominee. This is where the race really heats up as the candidates compete to win over delegates.
Once the votes are tallied in December, all 538 electors will meet and cast their votes. If a candidate gets 270 electoral votes, they will become the President of the United States. Each state is allocated electoral votes based on their population. This means that a state like California has 2 votes for its U.S Senators and 52 votes for its House Members. The candidates who get the most statewide votes will receive the most electoral votes. Electors are also allowed to vote for someone who is not on the ballot. However, this is rarely done.